What is Vocal Cord Cyst Surgery?
Cysts that form on the vocal cords are usually benign but can be permanent masses that impair the clarity and timbre of the voice. These cysts are often located deep within the vocal cords and limit the vocal vibrating capacity. Surgery is a surgical procedure performed to carefully remove these cysts. It is usually performed under general anesthesia using microsurgical techniques guided by a microscope. Special surgical instruments are used to avoid damaging the delicate structure of the vocal cords. The procedure is performed orally; no external incisions are made. The goal is to completely remove the cyst while preserving the natural structure and function of the voice.
Why Do Vocal Cord Cysts Occur?
The most significant factor in the formation of cysts is the constant and improper use of the vocal cords. Habits such as prolonged loud speaking, shouting, and singing with incorrect breathing techniques can damage the vocal cords. Furthermore, upper respiratory infections, allergic reactions, reflux disease, and repetitive trauma to the vocal cords can also trigger cyst formation. Some cysts are present at birth, and genetic factors also play a role. Singers, teachers, and presenters who use their voices professionally are at risk.
What are the symptoms of a vocal cord cyst?
The most obvious symptom is a change in the timbre of the voice. Hoarseness, muffled voice, difficulty reaching high notes, rapid vocal fatigue, and shortness of breath during speech are common complaints. Some patients notice a double tone or fluctuation in their voice. Long-lasting hoarseness, especially those lasting more than two weeks, requires professional evaluation. Cysts diagnosed early can be more easily managed during treatment.
Differences Between Cyst, Nodule, and Polyp
Vocal cord nodules usually occur symmetrically on both vocal cords and are firm. Polyps are unilateral, soft, and edematous. Cysts, on the other hand, are closed sacs filled with fluid or semi-solid content and are often found in the deeper layers of the vocal cords. While nodules and polyps can sometimes shrink with voice therapy, cysts generally do not completely disappear without surgery. Therefore, structural differences are taken into account when developing a treatment plan.
How Is a Vocal Cord Cyst Diagnosed?
During the diagnostic process, an otolaryngologist performs an endoscopic examination of the vocal cords. Fiberoptic or rigid endoscopes clearly show the location and size of the cyst. In some cases, a detailed assessment of the vocal cord vibrations is performed using stroboscopy. This helps determine the extent to which the cyst is affecting the voice production mechanism. Voice analysis tests may also be performed during diagnosis. Early diagnosis increases the success of treatment and shortens recovery time.
Does a Vocal Cord Cyst Go Away on Its Own?
Due to their structural characteristics, such masses do not disappear on their own. In some cases, temporary reductions in cyst size may occur, but complete disappearance is not expected. For small cysts diagnosed early, symptoms can be alleviated and voice quality can be preserved with voice therapy. However, if the cyst is large, prevents vocal cord vibration, or the symptoms diminish quality of life, surgical intervention becomes unavoidable. Postoperative voice therapy helps restore proper voice function.
In Which Situations Is Surgery Required?
Vocal cord cysts don’t always require surgery. However, if the cyst significantly impairs the clarity and power of the voice, causes long-term hoarseness, or severely limits the vocal cords’ ability to vibrate, surgery may be considered. Cysts that persist and grow in size and don’t improve with voice therapy and medical treatments are surgically removed. In professional vocalists, the potential for performance loss is a contributing factor to the decision to undergo surgery.
How is Vocal Cord Cyst Surgery Performed?
The operation is usually performed under general anesthesia using microsurgical techniques guided by a microscope. The vocal cords are accessed through the mouth, without any external incisions in the throat. The surgeon carefully removes the cyst without damaging the surrounding tissue. Preserving the natural structure of the vocal cords is crucial during this delicate procedure. The operation typically takes between 40 and 60 minutes. Patients can usually be discharged the same day, but a period of silence is required to preserve the voice.
Post-Operative Voice and Recovery Process
Absolute vocal rest for the first few days is the most critical step in the healing process. During this period, the voice should be avoided in any form, including whispering. Following this period of silence, controlled speaking begins as recommended by the doctor. The return of the voice to its former form varies depending on the size of the cyst, the extent of the surgery, and the individual’s compliance with the healing process. On average, the voice recovers significantly within 3–6 weeks. Post-operative voice therapy helps both strengthen the voice and prevent cyst recurrence.
Is Vocal Cord Cyst Surgery a Permanent Solution?
Surgery completely removes the existing cyst. However, if the factors that caused the cyst persist, there is a risk of new cysts developing on the same or opposite vocal cord. Therefore, proper voice use, adherence to vocal hygiene rules, and avoiding harmful habits are crucial after surgery. For professional voice users, regular voice therapy and pre-performance vocal warm-up techniques support retention.
Vocal Cord Cyst Surgery Prices 2025
Fees vary depending on the city, hospital or clinic where the surgery is performed, the surgeon’s experience, and the scope of the procedure. Voice therapy, follow-up examinations, and post-operative care may also be included in the cost. There is a price difference between minor interventions completed in a single session and comprehensive surgeries. Contact us for a quote, and we will develop the most appropriate treatment plan for you.
Does a vocal cord cyst cause voice loss?
Cysts that form on the vocal cords can impair their vibratory capacity, affecting the quality and power of the voice. Depending on the cyst’s size and location, the voice may become hoarse, breathy, or lose some frequencies. This can lead to a loss of performance, especially in professional voice users. Not every cyst causes voice loss, but if left untreated for an extended period, the clarity and control of the voice can be permanently impaired.
Does cyst surgery damage the vocal cords?
The goal of microsurgical procedures is to completely remove the cyst while preserving the natural structure of the vocal cords. Experienced surgeons work under a microscope and with delicate surgical instruments to minimize potential tissue damage. However, as with any surgical procedure, there is a risk, albeit minimal, of scarring or altered vocal cord tone. These risks can be significantly reduced with postoperative voice therapy.
How soon after surgery can I talk?
During the initial phase of recovery, absolute vocal rest is generally recommended for a day couple of days. During this period, talking, whispering, or any activity that strains the vocal cords should be avoided. Following this period of silence, speaking is gradually resumed under the supervision of a doctor. Within an average of 3–6 weeks, the voice significantly recovers and reaches a normal level of use.
Will the cyst reoccur?
Surgery completely removes the existing cyst, but if the factors that caused it persist, there is a risk of recurrence. Risk factors such as incorrect voice use, excessive strain on the vocal cords, reflux, and smoking can lead to cyst recurrence. To reduce the risk of recurrence, vocal hygiene should be maintained, and professional voice users should receive regular voice therapy.
Is treatment without surgery possible?
Vocal cord cysts, because they are structurally closed sacs, generally do not disappear on their own. For small cysts, voice therapy can help improve voice function and reduce symptoms. However, this method does not completely eliminate the cyst; it only improves voice quality. For large cysts or those that significantly affect vocal performance, surgery is generally unavoidable.
Is vocal cord cyst surgery risky?
This procedure is safe when performed using microsurgical techniques. While the risk is quite low, complications related to anesthesia, bleeding, infection, and undesirable tissue changes in the vocal cords can rarely occur. The biggest concern is the potential for permanent changes in voice timbre. Appropriate surgical techniques by an experienced surgeon minimize these risks.